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fishing vessel skipper

Fishing vessel skippers are in overall charge of vessels that go out to sea to catch fish. These could be inshore vessels, which fish close to shore, limited area vessels, which fish within a defined area around the UK coast or unlimited area vessels which fish in distant fishing grounds.

Skippers' responsibilities include:

  • planning fishing voyages
  • operation and maintenance of equipment
  • navigation
  • safety and management of the vessel and crew
  • ensuring that a profit is made from each fishing trip
  • working closely with onshore agents concerning the landing and selling of the catch. 

Fishing vessels range in size from small, single-handed boats to large factory ships. Larger vessels use electronic systems for navigation, location of fish and monitoring of storage conditions, so skippers need to keep up-to-date with current systems and equipment.

Skippers need to ensure that on each fishing trip the vessel follows mercantile law, international regulations affecting fishing vessels and conditions and regulations set by the vessel’s owner.

Hours and Environment

Your hours will vary according to the size and purpose of the vessel. On small inshore vessels you will usually go to sea each day. On larger vessels you may go to set areas around the UK coast (limited area) or to more distant fishing grounds (unlimited area). You are likely to be away at sea for anything from several days to weeks or months at a time. You will also spend time ashore repairing nets and maintaining the vessel. 

You will work long hours, and although you will usually share watches with the mate, you will need to be available in emergencies.  

You will need to be on deck in all weathers and sometimes in hazardous conditions, such as freezing weather, storms and gales. Conditions on board depend on the type and age of  your vessel, but are often cramped, with basic facilities.

Skills and Interests

To be a fishing vessel skipper you should:

  • be prepared to be at sea in all weathers, sometimes for long periods
  • have knowledge of the sea, weather, electronics and engineering
  • have knowledge of British and international regulations for fishing vessels
  • be able to lead and manage a team working in often difficult and cramped conditions
  • be able to take responsibility for your own and the crew's safety
  • be able to make instant decisions in emergency situations
  • have knowledge of first aid and be able to carry out emergency medical services
  • be physically fit with stamina and a good sense of balance.

Entry

You do not need any particular qualifications to enter the fishing industry, but you must be over 16, and have reasonable reading, writing and maths skills. You need to have good hearing, eyesight and colour vision.

You will need to take the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) approved Basic Safety Training. This is four one day courses covering sea survival, first aid, fire fighting, and health and safety for fishermen.

Most skippers start work in the industry as deckhands or engineers and work their way up to become a skipper. If you are interested in doing this please see the Fishing Vessel Deckhand/Mate profile.

To be a limited area skipper you need to be at least 20, to be an unlimited area skipper you need to be at least 21. 

You might be able to enter the industry through an apprenticeship and gain the training and qualifications to become a skipper as part of the scheme.

You can find information on the fishing industry and on related careers and qualifications on the Seafish Training website. Please see Further Information for a link to the website.

You may be able to get into this job through an apprenticeship scheme. Funding for apprenticeships is available for 16-24 year olds and some over-25s. To find out more, visit www.apprenticeships.org.uk. For information about apprenticeships in other parts of the UK, see Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Training

The qualifications you need depend on the type of fishing you are involved in.

To be an  inshore area skipper you do not need any qualifications other than the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) approved Basic Safety Training, but most have experience as deckhands before becoming skippers. You can work towards NVQ/SVQ Level 3 in Marine Vessel Operations (Skipper: Fishing). When you have successfully completed the NVQ/SVQ you will also be awarded the Seafish Inshore Skipper's certificate. 

For limited or unlimited areas you will need to get the MCA Certificate of Competency by working towards an NVQ/SVQ and passing an oral exam.

To be a limited area skipper you need NVQ/SVQ Level 4 in Marine Vessel Operations (Skipper: Fishing Limited) and Deck Officer (Fishing Vessel) Certificate of Competency Class 2.

To be an unlimited area skipper you need NVQ/SVQ Level 4 in Marine Vessel Operations (Skipper: Fishing Unlimited) and Deck Officer (Fishing Vessel) Certificate of Competency Class 1.

Please see the Seafish Training website for more details. There is a link to the website in Further Information.

Seafish Training has also developed a wide range of training materials for fishermen including training manuals, distance learning materials, training videos and information notes.

Opportunities

The UK fishing industry is mainly based around the Scottish islands, the east coast of Scotland and England and the south west. There are around 7,000 registered fishing vessels, including inshore fishing boats, trawlers, processing and factory ships.

The majority of fishing vessel skippers are self-employed boat owners or involved in a partnership in which they have invested money. A few large companies own boats and employ skippers.

Experienced skippers may be able to move into related careers, such as the Merchant Navy, support or standby vessels, harbour tug work, fish farming, oil or gas exploration, cargo operations or ferries.

Annual Income

Figures are intended as a guideline only.

Income for a skipper varies widely depending on the size of the vessel, the area and the market.
It is often between £10,000 and £20,000 a year.
On large vessels owned by larger companies earnings could be up to £65,000 a year.

Further information

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) - Seafarer Training
Spring Place
105 Commercial Road
Southampton
S015 1EG
http://www.mcga.gov.uk

Seafish Training
Sea Fish Industry Authority
St Andrew’s Dock
Hull
HU3 4QE
Tel: 01482 327837
http://www.seafish.org

 


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